Jet Lag

Jet lag is a temporary sleep disorder caused by crossing multiple time zones faster than your body can adjust.

Jet lag is a temporary sleep disorder caused by crossing multiple time zones faster than your body can adjust.

Also known as

Circadian rhythm disruption, Time zone fatigue, Desynchronosis

Why travellers need to know

Jet lag affects decision-making, reaction times, and immune function. For travellers managing chronic conditions, it also disrupts medication schedules. Eastward travel is harder than westward because compressing your day is more difficult than extending it. A general rule: it takes roughly one day per time zone crossed to fully adjust. Melatonin, light exposure timing, and strategic caffeine use all help.

Real-world example

You fly from London to Tokyo (9 hours ahead). You arrive at 10am local time but your body thinks it's 1am. You're exhausted but force yourself to stay awake until 9pm. By day 3 you're mostly adjusted. Your colleague who napped until 4pm on arrival is still waking at 3am a week later.

Country-specific notes

🇯🇵 Japan

Melatonin available OTC at pharmacies and convenience stores

Japan sells melatonin as a supplement without prescription. You can find it at most pharmacies and some convenience stores, making it easy to manage jet lag on arrival from Europe or the Americas.

🇬🇧 United Kingdom

Melatonin is prescription-only

In the UK, melatonin requires a prescription (usually under the brand Circadin). If you rely on melatonin for jet lag, bring your own supply from a country where it is OTC and carry it with the packaging and your medication list.

🇦🇺 Australia

Australia's timezone distance from Europe and the Americas makes jet lag particularly severe — 8–10 hour time differences are common

Westward travel (Australia to Europe) is typically harder to adjust to than eastward. Most travellers need 4–7 days to fully adjust. Morning daylight is the strongest circadian reset signal available.

Expose yourself to outdoor morning light on the first 2–3 days in Australia — daylight at breakfast time is the most effective way to reset your body clock.

Frequently asked questions

Does jet lag affect medication timing?

Yes, particularly for time-sensitive medications like insulin, blood pressure medication, and oral contraceptives. Discuss a transition schedule with your doctor before travel. The general approach is to shift gradually toward destination time over 2-3 days.

Is melatonin effective for jet lag?

Evidence supports melatonin for reducing jet lag symptoms, particularly for eastward travel. Take 0.5-5mg at destination bedtime starting the day of arrival. It's available OTC in the US and Canada but requires a prescription in the UK, EU, and Australia.

Nomedic stores your medication schedule so you and your doctor can plan timing adjustments for long-haul travel.

Topics

Related terms

Sources

  1. https://www.cochrane.org/CD001520/DEPRESSN_melatonin-for-the-prevention-and-treatment-of-jet-lag